1 General Information on the statistics of heavy oil vapor drive data shows that a 3% increase in the production of heavy oil can be achieved with a 10% increase in bottom-injection dryness. If the heat recovery pipeline of a heavy oil thermal recovery pipeline is in poor condition, a huge heat loss will be caused, and the dryness of the steam reaching the wellhead and the bottom of the well can not be guaranteed. Only Liaohe Oilfield Shuguang Production Plant has more than 1,000 oil wells in the heavy oil block. The existing gas injection trunk line is over 100 kilometers, and the active steam injection pipeline is more than 80 kilometers. Due to water hammer, steam pressure fluctuations, etc. caused by vibrating heavy steam injection pipeline serious, thermal insulation structure life is only about 2 years. In order to strengthen insulation, Shuguang Oil Production Plant uses a variety of insulation materials for heavy oil pipelines to optimize insulation materials. The results showed that the insulation structure made of soft materials such as rockwool, glass wool, and slag wool was used for heavy oil transmission pipelines. The prominent problem was the serious sinking of insulation materials, which caused the heat loss in the upper part of the insulation pipe to exceed the national standard. Causes a lot of energy waste; microporous calcium silicate is currently a good hard insulation material used in China, but the hard insulation material gap is difficult to handle, the gap after vibration is larger, the gap part of the heat leakage, so that the thermal conductivity of the insulation structure The coefficient increases and the insulation effect is not ideal. In recent years, there are many thermal insulation coating manufacturers in China, and the most widely used are composite silicate thermal insulation coatings. However, thermal insulation coating construction is difficult. The performance of composite silicate thermal insulation coatings produced by different manufacturers is quite different. When the coating is used, the thermal insulation structure is prone to cracks. . In order to study the thermal insulation structure of heavy oil thermal transmission steam pipelines, a set of protective tip-type microcomputer monitoring thermal pipeline simulation test equipment was developed with reference to relevant standards. The corresponding equipment was purchased for the composite silicate thermal insulation coatings and composite silicic acid. A series of indoor simulation tests were carried out on the insulation structure composed of salt coils and the heat insulation structure suitable for the thick oil thermal transmission steam pipeline was found. 2 Development of indoor simulation test equipment 1 Test principle It can be seen from the Fourier Law that one-dimensional, radial, and steady-state heat transfer bars* are the subject of the “Ninth Five-Year Plan†of China National Petroleum Corporation. Under the parts, the thermal conductivity of the cylindrical wall is:> d2 insulation material or structure, outer diameter; t, t2, a thermal insulation material or structure, the outer surface temperature Q-heat flow. 3 Electric 133 pairs of pressure pairs Heat transfer Thermal inductive couplings Even (1) Visible, in the one-dimensional, radial, steady-state heat transfer conditions, accurately measured through the insulation material (or structure ) The heat flow, insulation material (or structure) internal and external surface temperature and internal and external diameters, can be obtained thermal conductivity of the insulation material (or structure) 夂 2.2 simulation test device Introduction Simulation test device from the device body, temperature detection system, temperature control System, power detection system and display printing are composed of five parts. In the body design of the test device, a protective tip type (composed of two protective ends and a main test section) is adopted to ensure one-dimensional and radial heat transfer. The temperature detection system consists of 19 pairs of thermocouples, IMP35951C boards, S network boards, microcomputers and detection software. Temperature control system consists of microcomputer, S network board, IMP35951D board, thyristor regulator, SCR and control software. The overall block diagram of the device is shown in the figure below. I Main heating wire | 1 Inside and outside measuring points 1 Inside and outside measuring points 1 1 Inside and outside measuring points 网络S Network interface I Printer Computer main thyristor regulator 1 SCR thyristor diagram Overall block diagram of the device Insulation material (or structure) inner and outer temperature thermocouples, the resulting millivolt signal is sent to the IMP35951C board, where it is subjected to compensation amplification, I/V conversion, A/D conversion (analog to digital) through S The network is sent to the computer. With the support of the monitoring software, the temperature of each point is displayed on the screen and printed and printed in time. The temperature control system has three-way closed-loop control of the main test section and the two guard sections. The middle main heating section automatically tracks the set wall temperature, and the two guard sections automatically track the main test section temperature. With the support of the monitoring software, the computer sends orders through the S network to the IMP35951D board. The 35951D board outputs a certain current signal to the thyristor regulator. The output of the thyristor regulator controls the triggering of the thyristor. Angular, to adjust the size of the heating power, so that the device stabilizes at the desired temperature as quickly as possible. Under the conditions of one-dimensional, radial and steady-state heat transfer, the automatic detection system for temperature and power automatically detects the temperature and heating power. Under the support of monitoring software, the host computer automatically performs data processing, saves, and prints. The device can simulate the operation status of the steam injection pipeline, test the apparent thermal conductivity equations, curves and usage status of the insulation material and insulation structure. 3 Indoor simulation test results and analysis With reference to the practical experience of the heavy oil thermal insulation pipe of the Shuguang Refinery for many years and the original pipe insulation test results, the research team selected a series of composite silicate insulation coatings and composite silicate insulation profiles and their composites. The structure was simulated in the laboratory. The structural thermal conductivity equation, material thermal conductivity equation, and bulk density of the composite silicate paints produced by eight manufacturers were studied. The characteristics of the construction of each material and the presence or absence of cracks at high temperatures were investigated. The results of the tests and research are shown in Table 1. From Table 1, it can be seen that the thermal conductivity of the composite silicate insulation coating is high, but as the temperature increases, the thermal conductivity does not increase much, and cracks are likely to occur when used alone. In addition, due to the difficulty of coating construction, it is not advisable to use paint insulation for thermal steam injection pipes. The parameters of structural thermal conductivity and material thermal conductivity equations of composite silicate insulation profiles produced by five manufacturers were tested. The results of the tests and research are shown in Table 2. It can be seen from Table 2 that composite silicate insulation profiles are better than coatings. The thermal conductivity is about 30% lower, but since the composite silicate insulation profile is a soft material and the insulation structure alone is used to sink, it should be combined with other materials. According to the research results of the material properties, in order to exert their respective advantages, a composite study of the thermal conductivity, cracking, and sinking of the composite structure was conducted in a composite composite silicate insulation coating and profile (specific structure: coating + profile + coating). as shown in Table 3. Table 1 Performance Test Results of Composite Silicate Thermal Insulation Coatings Test Item (Unit) Three Gorges Qi I Qi Changhong Heat Protection I Heat Protection Oil Welfare Plant Dry Bulk Density (kg/m3) Average Temperature 70C Material Thermal Conductivity (W.7 (mDj) Average Temperature 350C Material Thermal Conductivity ((mD) Material Thermal Conductivity Equation a+b/Average Temperature 70C Structural Thermal Conductivity (W.7(mDj) Average Temperature 200C Structural Thermal Conductivity (WV(mK)) Average Temperature 350C Thermal Conductivity ( WV(mK) Structural Thermal Conductivity Equation a+b/High Temperature Cracking Cracked Cracked Surface Crack Multiple Cracks No Cracks No Cracks Table 2 Composite Silicate Thermal Insulation Profile Performance Test Results Test Items (Unit) Xifei Factory Welfare Plant Dian Jiangyun Broad Average Temperature 70C Material Thermal Conductivity (ViV(mDK)) Average Temperature 350C Material Thermal Conductivity (/(mD) Material Thermal Conductivity Equation a+b/Average Temperature 70C Structural Thermal Conductivity (Wy(mK) Average Temperature 200C Structural Heat Conduction Coefficient (WV(mDK)) Average Temperature 350C Thermal Conductivity (W...y(mK)) Thermal Conductivity Equation a+b/ Sinking Condition Table 3 Composite silicate insulation profile and coating compound Insulation Structure Performance Test Results Test Item (Unit) Three Gorges Profile + Three Gorges Coating Welfare Plant Profile + Huayou Coating Welfare Plant Profile + Welfare Plant Coating Average Temperature 70C Structural Thermal Conductivity (WV(mDK)) 0. Average Temperature 200C Structural Thermal Conductivity (WV(m°K)) 0. Average temperature 350C Thermal conductivity of structure (/(mD) 0. Structural thermal conductivity equation W/(m°K) 0.035+2. Sinking condition No sinking Cracking conditions No cracks according to laboratory test As a result of the study, the heat-inserted steam injection pipeline of heavy oil should adopt a composite heat-preservation structure: composite silicate insulation coating + composite silicate insulation coil material + composite silicate insulation coating because the inner layer temperature is relatively high (50° C.). Therefore, the composite silicate insulation coating is used, and the intermediate layer is heated with a composite silicate insulation material, which is convenient for construction and has a low thermal conductivity. In addition, a layer of insulation coating is applied on the surface of the wafer, and after the shrinkage of the insulation coating, it is integrated with the intermediate layer insulation sheet to form a complete insulation structure. The thermal conductivity of the structure is about 6% higher than the profile and 24% lower than the coating. This kind of heat preservation structure, after vibration does not sink, the coating has no cracks, the establishment of the thermal conductivity of the structure provides an effective means for the study of the performance of thermal insulation materials and structures of heavy oil thermal transmission steam pipelines. (2) A series of simulation test studies have shown that thermal steam injection pipelines should adopt composite thermal insulation structure of composite silicate thermal insulation coating and coil (both internal and external coatings, intermediate coils) 1 Thermal insulation A steady state heat Determination of transfer characteristics A tubular insulation test device. 19852 GB10296-88. Measurement of the steady-state heat transfer characteristics of adiabatic layers (tube method) is low, and construction is convenient. 4 Conclusions and Suggestions
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