Common diseases and prevention of rice

1. Identification of rice blast disease symptoms: Leaf mites mainly harm rice leaves, typical diseased spotted spindles; leaf stalks are prone to panicle neck stalks in early stage, and brown spots appear on the neck of the ear at the beginning of the disease, and the diseased parts become brown after expansion. The grain ear is often broken from the diseased part, and the yield loss of the ear-necked scorpion is the most serious.
Chemical control: According to the principle of prevention and treatment of "early catching spider mites, phlegm and phlegm", leaf mites are prevented and prevented in the tillering stage of rice; the stalks of the stalks are in the period from the end of the period to the beginning of the beginning, and generally from the end of July to the beginning of August. The use of 30% rice bran emulsifiable concentrate 100-120 ml or 20% tricyclazole wettable powder 100 g spray 50 kg of water, the seriously ill field every 5-7 days to prevent and control, even prevent 2-3 times. The towns and villages in the shallow mountainous areas of the hills should do a good job in monitoring and prevention.
2. Identification of the symptoms of sheath blight: a cloud-like or elliptical lesion on the leaf sheath near the surface of the water at the time of onset, with dark green to grayish white in the middle and dark brown at the edges. When the humidity is high, the diseased part produces dark brown sclerotia, which is easy to fall off, resulting in the rice not being able to normally head, the leaves are yellow, the grain is brown, and even the particles are not collected.
Chemical control: control from the peak to the beginning of the season, generally from early July to mid-August. Use 50-200 ml of 5% Jinggangmycin water to spray 50 kg of water. It can also be controlled by water spray with hexaconazole, propiconazole and benzepazole. The severe disease field is controlled every 5-7 days. Once, even prevent 2-3 times. The towns and villages in the shallow mountainous areas of the hills should do a good job in monitoring and prevention.
3. Identification of symptoms of rice false smut: occurs in the grain of rice ear, the pathogen grows in the husk, and after the hyphae expand, the inner and outer glume cracks to form a nearly circular dark green bacterium.
Chemical control: 7 days before the break of the rice and each break from the break to the beginning of the ear, generally from late July to mid-August. Mu with 16% well Â· tricyclic ketone (Xianyin rice harvest) 100 grams or 30% succinic acid ketone 100 grams, 50 kg of water spray on the surface.
4, rice tube thrips damage identification: mainly damage rice panicles and flowers, resulting in rice grain hull deformity distortion is not closed, no heading, not strong, directly affecting yield, uneven distribution of harmful fields, serious occurrence can lead to The whole paddy field is not harvested. The pests and insects are small and difficult to find, and the affected grain ears are shaken on the white paper to show the insects.
Chemical control: Starting from the beginning of July, the areas that occurred in the previous year (including Tiankan) are the focus, and they are controlled once every 7-10 days. Control agents: Alternate use of systemic insecticides such as imidacloprid, pymetrozine, acitretin, buprofezin, and insecticide. Use 10% imidacloprid WP 30g/mu, or 20% Avi-Triazophos 100g/mu, spray evenly on 50kg of water. In the past years, Zhuliu Village, Moziqiao Town, Wulangmiao Village, Yushi Town, Pingxi Village and Yunyang Village, Yangzhou Town, etc., should pay special attention to prevention.
5. Identification of the damage of the mites and mites: The stalks or dead seedlings appeared in the affected fields during the tillering stage of rice, and the ears were born at the booting stage and at the heading stage, and there were half-ears or insect-infested strains during the filling stage. The dead heart seedlings, the dead ear, and the white ear are easily dialed out. The base of the stem of the plant has wormholes near the water surface, and the damaged part is brush-like and has insect feces.
Chemical control: In the prevention and control, it should be based on the prevention and control of the motherland, and the prevention and control of the field is supplemented. According to the principle of prevention and control of the second generation, the prevention and control of the first generation of larvae in the late May to early June should be carried out 3 days before the hoeing, and the field control should be carried out 5-7 days after transplanting. Generation larvae from late July to early August, the mother of the motherland with 18% insecticidal double agent 200 ml or 90% insecticidal single original powder 35-40 grams, spray 50 kg of water, 3.6% insecticidal double large grain in the field 1 kg of application, after application, keep 5-10 cm of water layer for about a week or use chlorpyrifos and phoxim granules to control.
6, rice worm pest identification: larvae silk splicing conjugated leaves to form a tubular "multi-leaf worm", eroding the leaves, lightly causing nicks, heavy eating leaves.
Chemical control: According to the principle of â€œcontrol one generation, suppress second generation, re-treat three generationsâ€, the prevention and treatment time is generally in the middle of August in the prevention and treatment time. Mu with 90% crystal trichlorfon 100-120 g or 40% chlorpyrifos EC 100 ml water 50 kg foliar spray.
7. Identification of the damage of rice leaf roller: The larvae silking will form a cylindrical "single leaf worm" in the vertical direction of the rice leaf, and then hide in the stalk to feed the mesophyll, leaving only the leaf epidermis, forming white streaks, serious When the "worms are tired, the white leaves are full of fields."
Chemical control: Rice is tillering at the end of the tilling period, and it is prone to occur after strong convective weather such as storms, generally from late July to mid-August. Use 40% chlorpyrifos EC 80-120 ml or 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 25 g to spray 50 kg of water.
8. Identification of the damage of rice planthoppers: Adults or nymphs clustered on the stems of the lower part of the rice stalks to suck the juice. The rice plants produced small brown spots on the rice plants. When severe, the plants withered and fell.
Chemical control: rice from the end of tillering to the heading stage, storms and other strong convective weather are prone to occur, using 25% buprofezin (Pulsin) wettable powder 40-50 grams, 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 20-25 grams or 40% chlorpyrifos EC 80-100 ml spray 50 kg of water.
9, rice water weevil (quarantine pests)
Identification of pests: Adults mainly feed on weeds around rice and Tiankan, leaving white long straight spots on the leaves or weed leaves after feeding. The larvae are white-like, without feet, and the body is crescent-shaped. Eating rice roots, forming a "sitting" seedling, seriously affecting rice yield and quality.
Chemical control: mainly based on chemical control, paying attention to overwintering adults, re-treating larvae, and controlling a new generation of adults. The prevention of wintering adults by the motherland is the top priority of prevention and control. From mid-April to late May, use 20% triazophos emulsifiable concentrate 100 ml of water 50 kg of foliar spray 2-4 times, and transplant 7 days later, use 20% triazophos or Avi-triazophos emulsifiable concentrate 100 ml. Water 50 kg of foliar spray to prevent a wintering adult, in the middle and late June, there is a paddy field with phoxim granules or chlorpyrifos granules mixed with fine soil, water-free field with 20% triazophos or Avi â€¢ Triazophos emulsifiable concentrate 100 ml of water 50 kg of foliar spray to control larvae 1-2 times. In the middle of July, 20% of triazophos or avite triazophos emulsifiable concentrate was used to control the newly emerged adult worm once with 50 kg of water spray.
10, rice negative mud pest identification: also known as "back mites", larvae and adult worms harm rice, along the veins to feed the mesophyll, causing white longitudinal stripes, heavy causing the whole leaves white, the heavy damage of rice seedlings , rupture, and even the whole plant died, resulting in lack of seedlings, resulting in late maturity of rice, affecting yield. Generally, the milky white to yellow-green oligophagous larvae with small heads, large backs, thick and many wrinkles can be seen on the damaged leaves.
Chemical control: The field is seriously damaged. The plant uses 100% crystal trichlorfon 100-150 g, 80% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate 100 ml or 20% triazophos chlorpyrifos emulsifiable concentrate 100 ml, and sprays 50 kg of water.
Precautions
1. The application time is mainly in the morning and evening. The amount of spraying liquid is not less than 45 kg per mu, ensuring that the lower part of the plant is drenched into the liquid and the shallow water layer is kept for 5-7 days.
2. Comprehensively carry out village and group defense and rule to improve the prevention and control effect.
3, pay attention to medication safety, master the safety interval of pesticides, to prevent human and animal poisoning.
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