Burma and Papua New Guinea have received strong earthquakes. Why do the global earthquakes occur frequently?

Earthquake highlights:

1, according to the US Geological Survey Earthquake Information Network news, local time at 0:13:06 on the 7th (13:00 GMT 22:06 minutes 06 seconds), Papua New Guinea occurred 6.7 earthquake epicenter was located in the middle of the country's wave About 112 kilometers southwest of El Gellar , the focal depth is 10 kilometers. Since then until the local time at 1:35 on the 7th, the central region of Papua New Guinea and has three times the earthquake, magnitude 5.1, respectively, 5.2, 5.2. According to media reports, the Papua New Guinea earthquake has killed 18 people.

Papua New Guinea earthquake

2, local time today, 3:43, in the east longitude 95 degrees 54 minutes north latitude and 19 degrees 50 minutes, in the Myanmar capital Naypyidaw northwest Richter 5.3 earthquake, the focal depth of 10 km, Naypyidaw felt strongly, There are no news of casualties. It is understood that there are about 3 million people within 100 kilometers from the epicenter.

Myanmar M5.3 Earthquake

Why is the global earthquake happening frequently?

In recent years, global earthquakes have occurred frequently, and only 8 of the magnitude 7 or more earthquakes occurred in the world last year .

1 , 2017/1/22 12:30 Solomon Islands magnitude 7.9 earthquake

2 , 2017/4/29 04:23 The 7.0 magnitude earthquake in Mindanao, Philippines

3, 2017/6/14 15:29 7.1 earthquake in Guatemala

4 , 2017/7/18 07:34 Komandore Islands Area 7.8 Earthquake

5 , 2017/8/8 21:19 Sichuan Province Aba Prefecture Jiuzhaigou County 7.0 earthquake

6, 2017/9/8 12:49 8.2 earthquake offshore the coast of Mexico

7 , 2017/9/20 02:14 Mexico 7.1 Earthquake

8 , 2017/11/13 02:18 The Iraqi 7.8 Earthquake

Among them, there were 320 deaths from the 7.1 -magnitude earthquake in Mexico , 530 deaths from the 7.8 -magnitude earthquake in Iraq , and hundreds of millions of property losses.

Mexico 7.1 Earthquake

It is precisely because the earthquake can cause people's lives and property to pose a huge threat, so in the face of earthquake rumors, we were so blind and credulous.

For example, we believe that animals can predict earthquakes, earthquake clouds are precursors of earthquakes, and fake earthquake news released by people on the Internet. Unclear media follow-up and information push make people feel guilty.

In fact, according to 1900 data show that the global average of more than 7 earthquake occurred 18 times per year, eight times more than an earthquake, but the timing of these earthquakes are very uneven. Sometimes more, sometimes less. In 2008 , there were a total of 8 strong earthquakes of magnitude 7 or higher . Although these figures are slightly higher than average, seismic activity is still within normal fluctuations and is a normal fluctuation of global seismic activity.

Global seismic map

In addition, since the beginning of this century, the number of earthquakes above the magnitude 8.0 and above, especially those above Grade 8 , has increased significantly compared with the previous 40 years. This is similar to the characteristics of strong earthquakes in the first half of the last century. Some people claim that this phenomenon is called It is "a century-long cycle of global strong earthquake activity." This is a rough approximation for the general description. The characteristics of global strong earthquake activity for several decades have not been rigorously scientifically proven and tested, and the data based on it have mainly been recorded by seismic instruments since 1900 . Strong earthquakes, because of the short time, still need to continue to explore. It is also noted that the 8.8 magnitude earthquake and strong earthquake 6.7 equivalents discussion is not appropriate, both in the number of earthquake energy released each year and are a great disparity, the world's more than 8 earthquake once a year but as many as 134 earthquakes occurred more than six times.

From the perspective of the operation of the plate, the world is divided into seven plates. The plate boundary is often the area where seismic activity is concentrated. We call it the "seismic activity belt." According to the unification of the overall distribution of seismic activity, the strong earthquakes with a magnitude of more than 7 in the world are mainly distributed in the seismic belts of the Pacific Rim and the Eurasian seismic belt. Since 1900 , statistics of strong earthquakes with magnitudes above 7 in the Pacific Rim earthquake zone and the Eurasian earthquake zone show that earthquakes in the Pacific Rim earthquake zone account for more than 80% of the world's total . From the perspective of kinematics and kinematics, due to the rapid expansion of the mid-ocean ridge in the middle of the Pacific plate, the expansion of the Pacific plate toward east and west is very strong, when it is on the east and west sides of the Pacific plate and the continental plate of the Americas, respectively. When the subcontinent plates collide, strong earthquake activity occurs. Because of the huge spatial scale of the circum-Pacific seismic zone, the high velocity of the plate movement makes the frequency of strong earthquakes in the circum-Pacific seismic zone significantly higher. It can be seen that it is not surprising that there are many earthquakes in the surrounding areas of the Pacific Ocean. It is determined by the global structure and the characteristics of the plate movement.

Scientific learning earthquake evacuation knowledge

As Japan, which has the most frequent occurrence of strong earthquakes in the world, has the most advanced earthquake prediction system in the world, it can at most only issue warnings within ten seconds after the earthquake. This is due to the popularity of modern Internet and mobile phones.

Therefore, scientifically studying earthquake evacuation knowledge can allow us to make correct responses at the first time when a strong earthquake occurs, thereby reducing the loss of our lives and property.

1 , when the earthquake is running or hiding?

Most experts in our country believe that it is better to avoid earthquakes and to evacuate to a safe place immediately after the earthquake. Shock absorbers should be chosen where the interior is strong, where objects can cover the body (beside), triangles are easy to form, where small and supportive areas are opened, and open and safe areas are located.

2. When you are walking, you need to go hiking. The items you carry should be at least

Whenever there is a fire caused by an earthquake, spreading, burning, crisis life, or personal safety, take evacuation measures. As a method of evacuation, as a matter of principle, citizens, disaster prevention organizations, streets, etc. shall be used as a unit. Under the leadership of the person in charge, the police, etc., they should take refuge on foot, and the items they carry should be at a minimum. You must never use your car or bicycle to take refuge.

3 , avoid the elevator when the earthquake

In the event of an earthquake or fire, elevators cannot be used. In the event of an earthquake while boarding the elevator, press all the buttons on each floor of the operation panel. Once stopped, quickly leave the elevator and confirm safety before taking refuge.

Elevators in high-rise buildings and recent buildings are equipped with devices that regulate operation. When the earthquake occurs, it will automatically move and stop at the nearest floor. In case of being confined to the elevator, please contact the management office via the dedicated telephone in the elevator for assistance.

4. Open the door and ensure the exit

In the case of houses with reinforced concrete structures, due to the shaking of the earthquake, doors and windows would be misaligned and doors could not be opened. There have been instances where people were confined to the house. Please open the door to ensure the exit. In the meantime, we must first think about how to escape in the event of being locked in the house. Prepare ladders, ropes, etc.

5. In the outdoors, it is necessary to protect the head and avoid dangerous places.

When the earth shakes violently and stands unstable, people will have the mentality of supporting and grasping. Most of the posts and walls around them will become objects of support. However, these seemingly solid and solid things are actually dangerous. In the 1987 Miyagi prefectural earthquake in Japan, due to the collapse of prefabricated concrete walls and posts, many people were killed or injured. Be sure not to evade near concrete prefabricated walls, door posts, etc.

Due to limited space, the author can only list the above five points. If you are interested, you can search on the Internet.

In short, the earthquake is a natural phenomenon. It is unavoidable that we live on the earth. What the government can do is to give an early warning when the earthquake occurs. What we can do is to learn to practice seismic evacuation knowledge at ordinary times. When the earthquake struck, we can Protect the safety of yourself and your family and friends.

Some of the information in this article comes from the Internet and is reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.