1, economic analysis Calculation of annual power generation in 1.1 years The formula for the annual power generation of distributed photovoltaic power generation is as follows: among them: Q: Annual power generation, kW·h; Hc: annual solar radiation, kW·IVmz; H: standard solar radiation intensity, kW/m; P: installed capacity, kW; C: The tilt coefficient of the photovoltaic group, ranging from 1.05 to 1.15; η: impact factor, ranging from 72% to 75%. In order to accelerate the development and application of photovoltaic power generation technology, China's relevant functional departments implemented a power generation subsidy policy for the power generation method, that is, the acquisition of the remaining grid-connected power for the power generation system. The purchase price refers to the benchmark on-grid price of local coal-fired units. 1.2 User's Annual Sales Revenue Calculation The main factors influencing the user's annual electricity sales revenue A are: local benchmark on-grid tariff, (kW·h); country's subsidy quota Po, yuan/(kW·h); nationally-developed third gear ladder price, P1, P2, P3; There are also self-use electricity Q1, Q2, and Q3 within the range of ladder prices. The formula is as follows: When calculating the local annual sales revenue, the relevant local data can be substituted into the formula. 1.3 User's Annual Net Income Calculation After calculating the annual power sales revenue of the users, after removing the related expenses caused by the maintenance of the power generation system, the annual net sales revenue of the users will be calculated. 1.4 Calculation of Payback Period The theoretical payback period can be calculated as follows: Payback period = amount of investment, amount of net income per year. Of course, the values ​​here will change according to the actual situation in the current year, and the values ​​obtained will also be different. 1.5 Economic Analysis Conclusions Photovoltaic power generation devices are divided into commercial and civilian categories, but their revenue is calculated in the same way. Through the above analysis, we understand that the impact on user economics is mainly the local benchmark electricity price, annual use time, local subsidy policies, and different ladder prices. For the payback period of the investment cost of the power generation system, the investment value is generally very high in 5-11 years, especially in areas with abundant solar energy resources. The adoption of the power generation device will bring huge benefits to the user and will also greatly reduce the investment cost. Recovery period. 2. Problems in Development and Related Policy Analysis 2.1 Optimize the approval process In China's related photovoltaic power generation management documents, it is stipulated that distributed photovoltaic power generation adopts a filing system and should be formulated by provincial government agencies. However, the actual situation is that the filing method in most regions has not been implemented and there are delays in the policy. In addition. The National Energy Administration has put forward relevant requirements for the scale of power generation projects in each province. It is necessary to combine the actual conditions in the region, but many provinces and cities have not yet defined how to determine the scale of construction in the region. Both of these aspects are defects in the approval process. Therefore, optimization must be carried out to speed up project approval and speed up the formulation and implementation of policies so as to ensure the rapid development of photovoltaic power generation. 2.2 Optimizing the Problem of Sale of Electricity After the user uses the photovoltaic power generation device, the remaining on-grid electricity is purchased by the power company. However, the user must be required to issue a value-added tax invoice. However, the civilian power generation project cannot be registered in the industrial and commercial department. What about the VAT invoice? Therefore, only ordinary invoices or receipts can be issued. In the long run, this will seriously hinder the sound development of distributed photovoltaic power generation. Although commercial power generation project companies can issue value-added tax invoices, the cost borne by them is greatly increased. China's relevant policy is to halve the value-added tax collection, which is considered to be a strong support for the industry, but the validity period is only a short two Year time. Therefore, the state's policy of encouragement and support is only superficial, and the National Energy Administration should coordinate with relevant departments to clarify the support policy and optimize the power purchase link so as to ensure that the photovoltaic power generation industry can achieve rapid development. 2.3 Implementing government subsidies Through the above analysis, we know that government subsidies are one of the important factors affecting the economic efficiency of photovoltaic power generation. From the actual situation, this is also the case. In areas where the subsidy policy is implemented, the effect is better. On the contrary, in areas where the subsidy policy is lagging behind, the user’s The recovery of investment costs is relatively slow, increasing investment risks. Therefore, the relevant government departments must speed up the formulation and implementation of the subsidy policy. In the actual operation process, the state will make timely and appropriate adjustments to the subsidy policy in light of local photovoltaic power generation construction and cost changes, but this will also have an impact on user investment. For this government subsidy mainly comes from the national renewable energy development fund, but the fund size can not meet the current industry development needs, there is a big contradiction between, so the expansion of financing channels is the current government related functional departments to solve the problem . At this stage, China’s National Energy Administration began to implement annual scaled management of the photovoltaic power generation industry. According to the actual situation in different regions, quotas were adopted, and the subsidy quotas were uniformly implemented across the country at a rate of RMB 0.42 per (kW·h). Therefore, it is necessary to accelerate the development of distributed photovoltaic power generation, making the regions with superior conditions and large demand for electric power walk in the forefront of the industry. 2.4 Rational Use of Roofs As for civil power generation devices, they can be used in rural areas in a larger area, because rural areas are basically independent houses. The area of ​​roofs can completely meet the installation of photovoltaic power generation devices, while urban housing is relatively concentrated, basically high-rise or multi-storey. The roof area of ​​the building is very tense. Generally, only the residents on the top floor may make full use of the roof area and may also cause dissatisfaction among other residents. Based on this, government functional departments coordinate and guide the formulation and improvement of regulations concerning the ownership and use rights of high-rise building roofs, and for the construction of buildings under construction or to be built, the requirements for installing power generating units should be taken into consideration. For commercial power plants, they can be installed on the roof of the factory. The roof may be a colored steel structure or a concrete structure. The service life of the color steel structure is mostly 15 years, but the life span of the power generation device is basically 2O to 25 years, which also has a certain influence on the development of photovoltaic power generation. Therefore, these factors must be taken into account when selecting the installation location. It is advisable to install it on a concrete roof. 2.5 The development of commercialization At present, distributed photovoltaic power generation is mostly built by enterprises or residents based on their own needs and conditions, and then the excess capacity is used to access the Internet. This has hindered the rapid promotion of photovoltaic power generation to a certain extent and a commercial development model should be established. For example, photovoltaic power generation companies take the lead in improving management measures such as contract energy management, the government's unified construction, and roof leasing. Realize the commercialized operation mode. And also do a good job in power acquisition, settlement and other related work, do a good job in all aspects of coordination work to reduce the occurrence of disputes. 2.6 Improve related technical specifications The traditional way of power generation is basically the use of centralized and unified planning and construction, and the advantages of distributed photovoltaic power generation are "decentralized and independent, flexible and autonomous." Although photovoltaic power generation has many advantages, it will cause large-scale power grid upgrades and upgrades if it is to be fully and unconditionally connected to the existing power network. The cost is very large, which is not conducive to the promotion of photovoltaic power generation technology, so it requires two The parties coordinate development and make progress together. Technical specifications are an important factor affecting the coordinated development of photovoltaic power generation and traditional power networks. In the early stages of development, the main features of technical specifications are reflected in the reduction of the impact of photovoltaic power generation on traditional power networks. The research on technical specifications also focuses on how to improve. Photovoltaic power generation device performance aspects, in order to meet the requirements of stable and reliable operation of the power network, impose stringent requirements on the photovoltaic power generation of the connected power network, such as power quality, adaptability of the power grid, fault maintenance, etc., thereby reducing photovoltaic Various unstable factors generated by the system. With the rapid development of photovoltaic power generation systems, many disadvantages of this technical specification have gradually emerged. The use of advanced access technology to the continuous improvement of the traditional power network, technology constantly updated, fundamentally reduce the photovoltaic power generation caused by various unsafe factors in the power network, to meet the various requirements of photovoltaic power generation system access to the power network, To promote the rapid promotion and application of photovoltaic power generation technology. In this development process, the active distribution network has become an intelligent node of the power network, and the use of the power network system has achieved the purpose of centralized scheduling, and has significant effects in improving the stability, reliability, etc. of the power network. After the active power network develops to the advanced stage, the technical specifications are mainly reflected in the internal control of the power network, the photovoltaic power generation device, the energy storage device, and the power management. At this time, the important task of the technical specification is to guide the development of traditional electric power networks toward an intelligent distribution network. 3, the conclusion The distributed photovoltaic power generation system can effectively convert solar energy resources into electric energy. Currently, it has been widely used and applied in our country, and its economic benefits are significant. Through the analysis of this paper, we understand several key factors that affect the economics of investment. Investment costs can generally be recovered in 5 to 11 years, and their service life can reach 2O to 25 years, with high investment value. In the investment process, commercial photovoltaic power generation systems are more effective and have higher investment value. The effective use of solar energy resources is also an important global issue, and it is of great significance for achieving sustainable economic development. However, through analysis, we also know that there are some unfavorable factors in the promotion of photovoltaic power generation. The relevant government departments must increase support, formulate and improve supporting policies, and increase people’s enthusiasm for investment. It is also necessary to speed up the construction of commercialization mode, optimize management in the aspects of project approval and acquisition settlement, give full play to the guiding role of technical norms, strengthen the research of related technologies, and solve some problems in practice. Led street light,outdoor street lamp,all in one street light, Shenzhen You&My Electronic Technology Co., Ltd , https://www.youmyledlight.com
