US and UK work together to develop laser fusion energy

According to the British "New Scientist" reported on September 13, last week, the British AWE (formerly the British Atomic Weapons Development Research Center), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California, USA The scientists said that they will work together to develop laser nuclear fusion as a clean energy source.

When the nucleus of the lighter elements such as lanthanum and lanthanum meet, they aggregate into heavier nucleus and release huge energy. This process is nuclear fusion. The artificially controlled continuous fusion reaction can be divided into two categories: magnetic confinement fusion and inertia confinement fusion (classified as laser fusion, particle beam fusion, and current pulse fusion). At present, the European Joint Loop Accelerator (JET) in Karam, UK, and the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), a testing reactor being built in France, all use magnetic confinement fusion devices. Magnetic confinement nuclear fusion uses powerful electrical pulses to bombard heavy hydrogen to generate plasma. Before the fusion occurred, scientists needed to apply a powerful magnetic field to keep the plasma tight. However, it is difficult to do this because plasma leaks or becomes unstable soon.

Now scientists plan to use laser nuclear fusion to generate electricity. Compared with magnetically confined nuclear fusion, laser fusion produces a higher temperature and a higher pressure. Therefore, nuclear fusion occurs faster, and the plasma needs to be limited to a few hundredths of a second. Laser nuclear fusion is the use of laser irradiation of nuclear fuel to make nuclear fusion reaction. Because it is very similar to hydrogen bomb explosion in many aspects, scientists have been dedicated to using high-power laser to make fusion fuels since the laser was introduced in the 1960s. Fusion reactions to study some of the important physical issues of nuclear weapons.

Laser fusion reactors do not produce large amounts of hot material that may melt. However, nuclear fusion neutrons are very dangerous. The plutonium in fuel is also radioactive. It releases beta particles. People inhale this kind of particle and it is dangerous. Its half-life is very long, 12.5 years.

Nowadays, the world's largest nuclear fusion laser device is the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Scientists in the lab hope that by the end of next year, they can obtain enough energy from nuclear fusion to produce Laser pulses thus achieve "ignition." Ignition is a self-sustaining reaction that can generate a lot of energy far beyond the "profit and loss" point. (Liu Xia)

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