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The disease is mainly caused by harmful diseases, and in severe cases, it is also harmful to stems, flowers and fruits. The leaves are infected, and the leaves have oval or irregular yellowish spots, and the gray-purple to dark brown velvet mold layer on the back of the leaf is the conidiophore and conidia of the pathogen. When the conditions are appropriate, the front of the diseased leaves also grows mildew. When the disease is serious, the whole leaves may be curled, and the plants appear yellowish and dry. The fruit is infected, and a round black lesion is formed near the fruit stalk. The hardening is slightly depressed and cannot be eaten. The symptoms on the tender stem and the stalk are similar to those on the leaf. The common people are commonly known as "black faults." Plastic greenhouses and greenhouses are more important than open field cultivation. They are one of the important diseases of tomato protection. With the expansion of tomato cultivation area in protected areas, the condition of leaf mold continues to develop, and the damage is aggravated, which has a great impact on tomato yield.
The optimum temperature for the growth and development of the conditional leaf mold pathogen is 20 to 25 °C. Generally, the temperature is above 22 °C, and the relative humidity is above 90%, which is conducive to the infection of the disease and the occurrence of diseases. The relative humidity of the air is less than 80%, which affects the formation and germination of spores, which is not conducive to the occurrence of diseases.
In greenhouses, sheds, lack of light, poor ventilation, excessive humidity, often induced leaf mold. There is a significant difference in resistance to leaf mold between tomato varieties. Yu Cheng believes that the serious disease in his shed has a certain relationship with the variety.
Control measures: selection and resistance of some tomato varieties, such as Shenfen No.3 and Jiafen, have strong resistance to leaf mold, and select tomato varieties resistant to leaf mold, should pay attention to the growth and decline of pathogenic bacteria Replace the variety.
Elimination of bacterial sources 1 strengthen field management. Intensive cultivation, timely drug control, to avoid leaf mold infection and damage. 2 Reasonable rotation for heavy disease fields should not be planted again. It should be rotated for 3 years with melons or legumes. 3 years of serious greenhouses and old plastic greenhouses, disinfection before the tomato planting, 1.5 kg of sulfur powder per acre, 3.0 kg of sawdust powder, mixed and ignited in a few places to fume overnight.
Strengthening management should strengthen the management of temperature and humidity, timely release of air and moisture, and even control the watering after rainy days and after the onset to destroy the ecological environment of the disease.
Remove the diseased leaves and old leaves before or during the onset of the drug to facilitate the translocation of tomato plants in the shed; after the disease is severely removed, spray 200 times 2% agricultural anti-120 or 600 times 4% agricultural anti-120 melons. The dishes are fully protected. Pay special attention to the back of the blade when spraying, and spray evenly and thoughtfully. (Li Yanqin)
Source: Rural Volkswagen
Tomato leaf mold prevention and treatment should be comprehensive
Recently, the author went to an interview with Houzhen in Shouguang City. According to the vegetable farmers, the recent occurrence of tomato leaf mold disease has become serious, and even the epidemic has become more serious. Among them, some of the most resistant varieties are the most serious. The town’s southwestern hustle and bustle said: “Since the cloudy day after the beginning of this month, there was a little bit of leaf mold in the shed, but the weather turned hot. As the temperature rises, it seems that the environment inside the shed is more conducive to the spread of the pathogen, and the variety I planted is not high against leaf mold, so it has become a leaf mold in the shed."
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