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Second, emphasize the use of agricultural, physical and other prevention and control measures. Clean agricultural gardens, bark scraping, winter and summer pruning, rational fertilization and other agricultural measures are the basis of pest control. Do not underestimate; vigorously promote the application of attractants, vibrating insecticidal lamps, sweet and sour liquids to trap pests, such as hanging sweet and sour on trees The liquid bottle traps the golden tortoise shell and the like.
Third, choose a reasonable timing of prevention, timely and appropriate amount of scientific drugs. Symptomatic drug selection. Different pests and diseases should use highly targeted pesticides, such as pests that control chewing mouthparts and pesticides. Sucking pests, selecting insecticides with strong systemicity, controlling powdery mildew, triazole fungicides, for bacterial diseases, it is suitable to use agricultural streptomycin or neomycin, etc.; different growth stages of pests and diseases There are obvious differences in the ability of pesticides to resist drugs, resulting in different effects on killing pests and diseases. For example, apple mildew disease is the best time for prevention at the end of the flowering period; the ball should be caught in the spring nymphal activity period and the egg hatching period; apple brown spot disease should be prevented in June, and more after the onset (mid-July) The treatment with systemic fungicides can reduce the re-infection of the bacteria without causing a large number of fallen leaves; the dosage is determined according to the temperature and humidity environmental conditions. In the lower temperature period, the maximum dose can be used; if the humidity is high or foggy, exposed and connected, do not spray and use Bordeaux mixture or synthetic copper preparation. For pests with strong resistance and waxy coverage, pesticide additives such as infiltration and polishing can be added to increase penetration and exertion.
Fourth, we must use a large pressure, atomized application equipment. Try to use low-volume spray equipment for dwarf and thin orchard; use a small-nozzle multi-nozzle or spray gun, and try not to use a spray gun to ensure a high degree of atomization, and the medicine is evenly placed on the leaves and fruits to improve the control effect.
5. Choose pesticides that do not affect pollination and damage to the fruit surface. Do not use broad-spectrum insecticides, such as pyrethroids, organophosphorus, and carbamate pesticides, in the pre-growth period to avoid killing natural enemies and insects that are beneficial for pollination of bees, moths, and butterflies; use transformational pesticides, such as Aphids, use imidacloprid, acetamiprid; control of red spiders use Nisolon, 螨 净 哒螨, 哒螨 ;; do not use sulphur, copper, compound and non-complexed mancozebicide and inefficient The poor quality of the fungicide, in order to avoid the occurrence of fruit rust and rough surface; do not use fungicides such as Fumeishuang which are susceptible to phytotoxicity to young shoots and young fruits.
Sixth, we must choose a new and efficient pesticide formulation. The dosage form of the pesticide has a great influence on the efficacy, and the wettability powder and the emulsifiable concentrate are used as little as possible. Because of the current application mode, the utilization rate of the pesticide is only 30-40%, and the dense drug film cannot be formed, and the protective sterilization is carried out. The role of the agent is difficult to fully exert; water suspension, dry suspension, water emulsion, microemulsion pesticides, small particles, easy to form, insecticide sterilization and long-lasting effect, can also avoid fruit rust. Such as 70% oil, killing dry suspension, 50% thiophanate suspension, 40% carbendazim suspension.
7. Before the fruit is bagged, it is necessary to control the pests such as aphids, cockroaches, Kang's whitefly, and cockroaches. It is best to prevent and control the second time when applying the medicine. The harmful insect residues should not be left on the fruit surface when the bag is bagged, or the insects are large. After the bag is put, the harmful insects are drilled into the bag, causing the fruit surface to appear. Black spots and spots affect quality.
8. Before the bagging, whether it is a protective or a systemic fungicide, it should be mixed with a multi-anti-mycin WP (fermentation type), and it has special effects on the spotted leaf disease, black and red spot disease. Ensure the control of leaf, fruit and pest damage, and stimulate the growth of leaf fruit to improve the smoothness of the fruit surface.
Nine, the fruit is calcium. It is essential for bagging apples. It is preferred to use boron and calcium to promote absorption or rare earth-containing calcium preparations, and the use should not be less than 2 times.
10. In orchards where rot disease is serious, it is necessary to fertilize properly and supplement the nutrition on the foliage. Restoring the tree is the key to controlling its development. It is necessary to apply the base fertilizer, apply the phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and spray the facile fertilizers such as Acadian (sea algae), dihydrogen potassium, fulvic acid and rare earth before, during and after the flowering.
XI. Select high-quality, breathable film and paper bags. For high temperature and rainy years, increasing the venting hole density of the fruit bag or expanding the venting port can effectively reduce the occurrence of diseases such as apple black spot disease.
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Selection of pesticides before fruit tree bagging
First, it is necessary to select high-efficiency, low-toxic and low-residue pesticide varieties and biological pesticides, plant sources and mineral source preparations. It is strictly forbidden to use high-toxic pesticides such as 1605, methyl 1605, methamidophos and fumei arsenic.
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