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During the conference, Zheng Xiongwei, a well-known international economist and global executive chairman of the Asia Pacific Presidents Association, expounded his views on issues such as the progress of world science and technology innovation. Zheng Xiongwei pointed out that technological innovation is the general term for original scientific research and technological innovation. It refers to the creation and application of new knowledge, new technologies and new processes, the adoption of new production methods and management models, the development of new products, the improvement of product quality and the provision of The process of new services. Throughout the history of social development, technological innovation has always been the engine of the world's economic and social development.
After the international financial crisis, the world economy has undergone profound adjustments. Under the joint promotion of the government and the market, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation are gestating. Scientific and technological innovation has been rapidly developed on a global scale. In 2014, global R&D expenditure increased by 3.8% to US$160 billion. Research on cutting-edge technologies in most fields has progressed smoothly, and a series of outstanding scientific research achievements have been achieved, providing global economic and social development. Strong support.
In general, the world of technological innovation focuses on information technology, biomedicine, advanced manufacturing, basic research, aerospace, new materials and new energy. In order to compete for the commanding heights of the new round of scientific and technological revolution, countries have successively issued a series of support policies. In the FY2015 Science and Technology Research and Development Budget, the United States emphasizes the priority of supporting biomedicine, advanced manufacturing, climate science, cybersecurity, natural resource management, space exploration and national security, based on providing stable R&D support in all areas of science and technology. R&D activities; Germany's new high-tech strategy focuses on six priority innovation areas: digital economy and society, sustainable economy and energy, healthy living, intelligent transportation and citizen safety. In 2014 alone, the German government invested 11 billion euros; Russia Technology prioritizes the development of information and communication technologies, biotechnology, medical and health technologies, new materials and nanotechnology, rational use of natural resources, transportation and aerospace systems, energy efficiency and energy conservation technologies; the UK continues to vigorously develop big data technologies, synthetic biotechnology, space technology Eight new technologies, including robotics and regenerative medicine; South Korea continues to adhere to the convergence of other industries to enhance the competitiveness of SMEs.
In terms of information technology, in 2014, the United States and the United Kingdom gained more scientific and technological achievements in new computer development, and countries such as Japan, France, and Germany also made new progress in the fields of wireless sensing and intelligence. The United States is planning to allocate $3.8 billion in the Network and Information Technology R&D Program (NITRD) for information security, high-end computing systems, advanced networking, software development, high-confidence systems, health IT, wireless spectrum sharing, cloud computing, etc. The research work of information technology institutions provides strategic planning and coordination. In the research results, the development of new computer and accessories has made progress, developed a computing system close to the human brain, developed the first commercial quantum computer, manufactured the fastest running organic thin film transistor, and released a new generation of computer chips that mimic the human brain. "Synaptic computer chip", successfully produced ultra-small size and ultra-low power control processor. The UK has also maintained a leading position in the development of new computers. Newly developed zero-error radio frequency identification systems, new quantum technology microchips and supramolecular assembly methods are expected to accelerate the pace of new computer development. Germany has further strengthened its research on big data and information security, making progress in simulation research and quantum computers. Japan has developed a wireless organic sensing system, the fastest continuous camera, a smartphone information security system, and a high-precision atomic clock based on helium ions. France vigorously promotes car networking and intelligence, and participates in the "Google Balloon" program.
In biomedicine, in 2014, global biomedical R&D investment increased by about 20%, with the United States growing 22% and Europe growing 14%. Non-profit R&D projects grew more rapidly than profitable inputs. The company's net profit soared 231%, with a total value of $149 billion, a record high. Research results have made gratifying progress in the fields of genetic research, cytology, brain science research, biomedicine and disease research. 70% of biotech companies in the United States have increased their R&D investment, net profit nearly tripled to $10.6 billion, setting a new high in genetic research, cytology research, brain science research, biomedical research and AIDS, cancer and angstrom Breakthroughs have been made in the field of major diseases such as Bola; in April 2014, the UK announced new initiatives to increase research in synthetic biology, funding £10 million to support the establishment of five major DNA synthesis centers in the UK, and an investment in August. Billion pounds launched the genome sequencing project for cancer and rare diseases. With the support of the policy, the UK has made continuous achievements in the fields of gene and stem cell research, and new achievements in disease research are expected to benefit mankind. In February and October 2014, Germany has allocated 350 million euros and 210 million euros to subsidize the treatment of depression. Research and development and medical health research programs for mental illness such as autism and addiction. Many achievements have been made in aging research, biological evolution, genetic analysis of genetic diseases, stem cells, brain and nerve cells; France has completed the world's second permanent total artificial heart transplant, and produced a small rapid detection of Ebola virus. Russia; progress in research on human aging mechanisms, disease research and stem cell research; Japan has made great achievements in pathological analysis and anatomical principles and disease detection techniques.
In basic scientific research, in 2014, the world has made progress in many fields such as cosmic research, theoretical physics, geophysics, applied physics, life sciences, and marine science. The United States has achieved fruitful results in the fields of cosmic research, theoretical physics, and life sciences. New methods and technologies have been greatly promoted by the integration of information technology, such as black hole theory, dark matter research, and neutrino research. Progress; the UK has made progress in the study of the Milky Way, the study of the “photo-changeable matter†method, and the calculation of the quality of the Milky Way; France has achieved results in many fields such as geophysics, theoretical physics, and applied physics. Some of the results are forward-looking and ground-breaking, such as Developed the first LED composed of a single molecule, isotopic study of the Earth and the moon age, distinguishing between neutrons and their magnetic moment paths; Germany successfully measured the most accurate electronic mass to date, and in the ocean, polar and climate Achievements have been made in terms of changes, and Japan has made all-round progress in the fields of marine science, medicine, bioengineering, geophysics, and applied physics involving national economy and people's livelihood.
In aerospace, in 2014, the world has achieved fruitful results in UAV research, aircraft research, space launch, and exploration of the universe. The United States created the world's first "Jellyfish Vehicle"; its Mars probe successfully reached the main mission site of Mars; Germany and ESA together realized the first successful landing of the artificial probe into the comet, including a 62-meter-long giant New aviation experimental platform including wind tunnel; Russia continues to maintain a high success rate of space launch, successfully launching commercial satellites from Turkey, Egypt, Kazakhstan and other countries and several domestic military civilian satellites into the orbit; Japan Progress in aerospace theory research, the first discovery of the traces of the giant mass star originally born in the universe after the big bang, successfully verified the new theory that can closely describe the black hole mechanics phenomenon.
In terms of new materials, in 2014, the world has made many breakthroughs in the fields of nanomaterials, biomaterials, metallic materials and non-metallic materials. The United States has synthesized a bioactive material containing biological and non-biological ingredients, and developed a new color display technology; in the field of metal materials, a new method for achieving the strength and toughness of steel has been discovered; in the case of non-metallic materials, the United States has silicon. A "hybrid" with non-silicon materials has been developed to develop a nanowire transistor with a three-dimensional structure. In September 2014, the UK invested 60 million pounds to establish the Graphene Engineering Innovation Center at the University of Manchester, synthesizing graphene materials containing hexagonal boron nitride interlayers, and developing a new type of photoactive antibacterial material and developing a name for disulfide. The ultra-thin material of molybdenum ensures its leading position in graphene research applications. Germany has successfully developed new materials such as artificial bone marrow, ionic liquid polymer smart film, steel-aluminum mixed compound. For the first time in the world, Russia has used absorbable vascular stents to develop artificial materials that can produce cartilage tissue, and developed composite coatings with anti-eavesdropping capabilities. France has developed nanotube sponges that absorb pollutants, highly conductive organometallic materials, and a new crystalline form of "Ice 16". Japan has developed the world's most heat-resistant bioplastics, high-strength medical gels, and rare earth-saving magnet manufacturing technologies.
In terms of energy and environmental protection, the world has made progress in new battery research and new energy development in 2014. The United States has made breakthroughs in new battery research, and has made new discoveries in the performance, service life and capacity of new batteries. In October 2014, the United Kingdom announced an investment of 11 million pounds to promote the development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. In the new battery research, there are also breakthroughs, found a new formula of solar cells, successfully passed the "ester transfer", using coffee slag dip to extract biodiesel; Germany developed a kilometer superconducting cable; centrifugal tower heat sink prototype Russia developed a mobile power source that uses hydrogen to generate electricity; started the Kosh-Agaqi solar power station; France launched a new project for “European nuclear fusionâ€; developed a high-temperature electrolysis steam to produce hydrogen systems; Japan developed for international heat High-performance superconductor for nuclear fusion experimental device; new energy-saving and environment-friendly light source blue light-emitting diode; developed secondary battery system.
Progress in world science and technology innovation in areas such as new materials
Summary by the National People's Republic of China Ministry of Foreign Affairs, National Development and Reform Commission, People's Government of Jilin Province, Asia-Pacific CEO Association (APCEO) co-sponsored Fourth World Industry Leaders Conference and International Cooperation Forum of production capacity, to August 30, 2015 to September 1st in...
The 4th World Industry Leaders Conference and International Capacity Cooperation Forum co-sponsored by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Jilin Provincial People's Government, and the Asia Pacific Presidents Association (APCEO), August 30-9, 2015 Held in Changchun City, Jilin Province on the 1st of the month. The theme of the conference is “Strengthening global science and technology innovation cooperation, promoting international capacity cooperation, and promoting the transformation and upgrading of the world economyâ€. The conference set up a special international cooperation dialogue conference: international capacity cooperation, emerging industry leaders, and technology innovation leaders dialogue conference.