Fertilizer is divided into "friends and friends" mixed arrangement

In agricultural production, in order to reduce the number of fertilizations and labor, people often mix several different fertilizers. The consequences of doing so are somewhat appropriate and some are not. Only by selecting suitable fertilizer varieties and mixing them according to scientific proportions can we better exert fertilizer efficiency, improve physical properties, and save manpower and material resources.

Fertilizer application must pay attention to the following problems:

1. Fertilizers that can be mixed Some fertilizers do not cause changes in physical properties, do not lose nutrients, and some can improve fertilizer efficiency. For example, ammonium nitrate mixed with phosphate rock can reduce the moisture absorption of ammonium nitrate; urea mixed with calcium superphosphate, the hygroscopicity of urea is also reduced; ammonium nitrate is mixed with potassium chloride to form ammonium chloride and potassium nitrate. Ammonium nitrate is much less hygroscopic and easy to apply; the combination of physiological acid nitrogen fertilizer such as ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride and phosphate rock powder can improve the solubility of phosphorus and enhance the fertilizer efficiency. If used on calcareous soil, the effect will be more it is good. Ammonium sulphate and superphosphate can form monoammonium phosphate, which is more easily absorbed by crops. In acidic soil, it can also reduce the physiological acidity of ammonium sulphate and the effect of free acid in superphosphate on soil acid and alkali.

In addition to nitrate nitrogen fertilizer, almost all fertilizers can be mixed with organic fertilizers. The combination of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer can play a combination of speed and slowness, quick recovery, and complementary length. Fertilizer can accelerate the decomposition of organic fertilizer, and organic moon can activate the insoluble components in chemical fertilizers and improve the utilization rate of fertilizers. When the acid is strong organic fertilizer, the charcoal is mixed with the alkaline fertilizer (such as lime, steel slag phosphate, lime nitrogen or grass ash, etc.), the alkalinity of the alkaline fertilizer can neutralize the acidity of the charcoal. The mixing of a small amount of superphosphate with human excrement can form diammonium phosphate, which reduces and prevents the loss of nitrogen volatilization.

2. Non-mixable fertilizers Some fertilizers can be mixed and applied, which will cause a lot of nutrient loss and waste. Years of experiments have shown that all ammonium nitrogen fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium bicarbonate, etc., mixed with alkaline fertilizers will cause loss of ammonia volatilization; acid phosphate fertilizer mixed with alkaline fertilizer often causes phosphoric acid degradation, reducing phosphate fertilizer Effectiveness. For these fertilizers, it cannot be mixed. Alkaline fertilizers such as ash, lime, slag and phosphate can not be mixed with fertilized human excrement, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium chloride and other ammonium nitrogen fertilizers, otherwise nitrogen loss and effective nitrogen loss will be effective. Fixation of phosphorus. Alkaline fertilizers such as grass ash and lime should not be mixed with superphosphate or phosphate rock, otherwise the water-soluble nutrients will be converted into poorly soluble nutrients and the fertilizer efficiency will be reduced. Organic fertilizers cannot be mixed with nitrate nitrogen fertilizers, otherwise denitrification will occur, resulting in nitrogen loss. Also, ammonium sulfate should not be mixed with ammonium bicarbonate, ammonia water, kiln ash potassium fertilizer, etc.; ammonia water should not be mixed with urea, potassium chloride or phosphate rock; urea should not be mixed with calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, kiln ash potassium fertilizer and so on. In addition, the commonly used ammonium bicarbonate can not be mixed with urea, because the amide nitrogen in urea can not be absorbed by the crop, only under the action of urease in the soil, can be converted into ammonium nitrogen before being used by the crop; ammonium bicarbonate is applied After the soil, the soil solution will be acidic in a short period of time, which will accelerate the loss of nitrogen in the urea, so it cannot be mixed. Alkaline fertilizer can not be mixed with human excrement, human excrement and alkaline fertilizer are not the same as "the home", because the nitrogen in human excrement is mostly ammonium carbonate, and it will accelerate when it encounters alkaline fertilizer such as grass ash and lime. The volatilization of ammonia greatly reduces the fertilizer efficiency. Unfertilized farmyard manure cannot be mixed with ammonium nitrate because unfertilized farmyard manure must be decomposed and rotted to be absorbed and utilized by crops. If mixed with ammonium nitrate, the unfertilized farmyard manure will lose nitrogen during the decomposition process, so it can not be applied together, otherwise the nitrogen of both will be damaged and the fertilizer efficiency will be reduced. Chemical fertilizers cannot be mixed with bacterial fertilizers because chemical fertilizers have strong corrosiveness, volatility and water absorption. If mixed with bacterial fertilizers such as rhizobia, they will kill or inhibit live cells and lose fertilizer efficiency.

3. Some fertilizers can be mixed with the fertilizers that are used with them. However, they must be applied immediately after mixing. If the storage time is too long, the active ingredient content will be lowered or the physical properties will be changed, which will bring difficulties to the application. For example, if ammonium nitrate is mixed with superphosphate, the fertilizer is deliquescent and hygroscopic, and it is inconvenient to use. If it is not applied for a long time, nitrogen will be greatly lost, and the effective phosphorus will be converted into poorly soluble phosphorus; urea and potassium chloride will be mixed for a long time, and the nutrient is not lost. But it will also increase the hygroscopicity, make the fertilizer agglomerate, and bring inconvenience to the application; the dicalcium phosphate produced by mixing ammonium bicarbonate and superphosphate is bismuth-soluble phosphorus, which is less effective than calcium monophosphate in the calcareous soil. The effectiveness of the drop, and will absorb moisture into a paste after a long time; in addition, urea and superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and other mixed are easy to absorb moisture agglomerate, must be used with mixing.

4. Foliar fertilizer and plant growth regulators mixed with other fertilizers and pesticides Generally, foliar fertilizers or plant growth regulators on the market are mostly acidic or neutral, and can be mixed with acidic fertilizers and acidic pesticides, but not suitable for alkalis. Fertilizers such as lime and alkaline pesticides such as Bordeaux mixture are used in combination. Foliar fertilizer or plant growth regulator is mixed with acidic fertilizer and acidic pesticide. If it is mixed with ethephon, 902 and naphthaleneacetic acid or di- or tetra-D can not only reduce the number of fertilization, but also increase each other. Effective, so that the effects of fertilizers and medicines are better. Regarding the mixed use of fertilizers and pesticides, alkaline fertilizers such as lime nitrogen and grass ash cannot be combined with trichlorfon, dimethoate, acesulfame, thiophanate, jinggangmycin, carbendazim, scutellaria, pyrethroid insecticides, etc. Mix pesticides, otherwise it will reduce fertilizer efficiency. Alkaline pesticide stone sulphur mixture, Bordol liquid, rosin mixture, etc. can not be mixed with ammonium fertilizer such as ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate or ammonium chloride, and chemical fertilizer such as superphosphate. Otherwise, ammonia will be volatilized and fertilizer efficiency will be reduced. Arsenic-containing pesticides such as aluminum arsenate cannot be mixed with potassium salt fertilizers, otherwise soluble arsenic will be produced and phytotoxicity will occur. Chemical fertilizers cannot be mixed with microbial pesticides. Because chemical fertilizers are highly volatile and corrosive, they can easily kill microorganisms and reduce the control effect if they are mixed with microbial pesticides such as Acariciids and Penicillium.