Wheat pest control method

Dwarf disease

First, the law of the disease Dwarf disease is a viral disease transmitted by the poisoning medium. There are two peak periods for the larvae in the wheat. The first peak period is after the wheat is sown and the second peak is after the wheat is greened. The temperature gradually rises with the temperature, and the wintering ash is on the wheat seedlings. Activities take food, spread the virus, the sooner the infection or the sooner the symptoms appear, the greater the impact on the yield.

Second, prevention and treatment methods (A) after the wheat is green, completely remove the weeds in the wheat field and its surroundings, eliminate the environment suitable for the survival of the Laodelphax striatellus, in order to reduce the source of the poison. (2) Pouring back to Qingshui at the right time. Pouring back to Qing Shui has a great killing effect on Laodelphax striatellus and can reduce the source of poisonous insects. (3) Spray control. When the spring temperature is stable through 5 ° C, it is necessary to spray control. 40% of omethoate EC 1000 times solution, or 50% phoxim 1000 times solution, spray 50-75 kg per acre, spray once every 5-7 days, even spray 2 times. Spray the area within 5 meters of the wheat field when spraying. Special attention should be paid to prevention and control near the roadside, ditch, land and ground.

Nematode disease

I. Symptoms The diseased plants showed loose leaf sheaths at the tillering stage, thick and curved stems, and shrubs. After the booting stage, the stalks are thick and curved, which are shorter than the healthy plants. In addition to the severe damage, the heads can still be headed, but some or all of the wheat ears are not knotted. The diseased spikes are squeezed and flared outward to see the insects from the seams. The worm is very hard. After the cut, the inside is filled with white floc, which is the nematode larva.

Second, the law of the disease The insects mixed in the wheat seeds are the main source of infectious diseases. There are 8,000 to 25,000 dormant larvae in each worm. Insects are planted into the soil with wheat seeds, absorb water, and the larvae gradually wake up, drill out diseased grains, invade the seedlings, gradually shift upwards, and finally reach the flower part, so that the flowers are stimulated and cannot develop normally. The larvae of the larvae quickly become adult worms, mating, spawning, hatching larvae, and later sleeping in the worms. When the worms develop late, the larvae can survive in relatively normal seeds. At the time of harvest, the worms are mixed with the seeds or fall in the soil, and the larvae in the worms can survive for several years under dry conditions.

Third, prevention and treatment methods (A) and non-host crop rotation for two years. (2) Selecting with cement water, saline or water. The concentration of the glue water is 30% to 40%, and the concentration of the brine is 20%. When seeding, place the seeds in a fine basket, put them in glue water, salt water or clear water, so that the water has not passed the seeds, and stir up the insects floating on the water. With Qingyong selection, the action should be rapid, so as not to affect the effect. Seeds selected with saline should be rinsed with water. (C) Seeds soaked in water at 54 ° C for 10 minutes to kill larvae in mildly damaged seeds.

powdery mildew

First, the symptoms of performance Wheat powdery mildew is caused by fungi. The spores of the pathogens spread to the plants of the susceptible varieties with the airflow, and the leaves were mainly damaged. The symptoms of the leaves were more obvious, and the sheaths, stems and ears were also damaged. The affected leaves form grayish white mildew spots, and then gradually expand into round or oval velvet mildew spots. In severe cases, the mildew spots are connected to each other to cover the whole leaf, and then gradually turn into gray, and finally grayish brown. Scattered black dots.

Second, prevention and control methods Rational fertilization and watering, strengthen field management, and cultivate strong seedlings. When the diseased leaf rate reaches 10%, 50% of the rust-sweetening emulsion of 50% per acre, or 75 grams of 15% of the rust-near WP can be used for spraying and controlling 60-80 kg of water.

Sputum

The larvae are devastating pests on wheat. Due to the change of farming system, the renewal of wheat varieties and the ban of traditional organochlorine insecticides, the ecological environment of the growth of the larvae has changed. The original control technology has been unable to control its damage and is not suitable for current agricultural production and ecological protection. Requirements. Therefore, the selection of appropriate pharmaceutical varieties, dosage forms, application methods, and the determination of the appropriate period of prevention and control, the number of prevention and control, etc. are currently the problems to be solved in production.

The best period for controlling sucking insects is the flood season and adult stage. At the peak of wheat larvae, most of the worms are located on the surface and are mostly naked, sensitive to insecticides, and the effect of drug control is better. In particular, rainfall after the application of poisonous soil increases the chances of contact between the agent and the larvae, which improves the control effect. Adults of the larvae are sensitive to insecticides and are easily killed. It should be noted that prevention and control should be carried out before the peak of spawning. The agent for controlling the larvae is preferably 50% parathion emulsifiable concentrate, 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 40% methyl isoflavone emulsifiable concentrate and 6% lindane powder, and 6% lindane powder in the adult stage. 55% of the lindane suspension, 40% of omethoate emulsifiable concentrate and 80% of the dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate are better. The number of control of the larvae should be determined on a case-by-case basis. For example, if the control effect is good during the flood season, the amount of residual insects is small, and it is not necessary to prevent and control during the adult period; if the treatment is poor or the control effect is poor during the flood season, the adult stage needs to be rectified.

Rust

Rust can be divided into strip rust, leaf rust and stem rust. Among them, strip rust is more common, and susceptible wheat can not be used for photosynthesis, which affects the absorption of water by wheat. In severe cases, wheat leaves and stalks are dry, and the ear is small. , leading to a reduction in production.

First, the incidence of rust The development of rust is divided into three stages: First, the occurrence period. The appearance of diseased leaves is not obvious before and after wintering. The second is the early stage of incubation. That is, the wheat turns back to the booting stage and begins to spread from the single diseased leaves to the surrounding area. The third is the epidemic period. The diseased leaves were quickly developed to the center of the disease, causing the entire wheat field to be infected. The key period for the prevention and control of rust is winter. When the temperature is between 5 °C and 10 °C, the pathogens multiply quickly, and can also breed at 1 °C to 4 °C. It likes a warm, humid environment, and is lurking in wheat fields such as sowing early, low-lying wet, nest wind, tree shading and susceptible varieties.

Second, the prevention and control methods to prevent rust should be adapted to local conditions, such as the discovery of a single diseased leaf or small disease center, should be cut leaves deep buried, and spray protective agent in the wheat field; if the diseased leaves are more, the area is larger, it should be sprayed first And spray a protective agent on the wheat field around it. Commonly used bactericidal pesticides are powder rust, double effect, 5% superphosphate filter, etc. The commonly used protective agent is 0.5 wave of stone sulphur mixture and 100 times of saline. Spring rust has a wide range of occurrences and is more harmful. It should be cultivated in time, and 5% of aminophenylphosphorus solution is generally sprayed for comprehensive prevention and control.

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