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Drill pipe:
Drilling tools are used to connect drills and rods to transmit power. The general components of the drill string are: drill bits, drill collars, drill rods, stabilizers, special joints, and kellys. The basic functions of the drill string are: (1) starting the lower bit; (2) applying the drilling pressure; (3) transferring the power; (4) delivering the drilling fluid; (5) performing special operations: squeezing the cement, treating the underground accident, and the like.
Drill collar:
At the bottom of the drill string, it is the main component of the lower drill assembly. Its main feature is its large wall thickness (typically 38 to 53 mm, which is equivalent to 4 to 6 times the wall thickness of the drill pipe). It has a large amount of gravity and rigidity. It mainly plays the following roles in the drilling process:
(1) Apply pressure to the drill bit;
(2) Ensure the necessary strength under compression conditions;
(3) Reducing the vibration, swing, and jumping of the drill bit to make the drill work smoothly;
(4) Control well inclination.
Drill collars come in many different shapes, such as round, square, triangular and spiral. The most common are round (smooth) drill collars and spiral drill collars.
Casing pipe:
The tube on the other part is circular in cross-section, and is used for the protection of other materials of various materials, mostly iron and steel.
The sleeve is a large-diameter tube placed in the naked eye and needs to be cemented. Well designers must design sleeves capable of withstanding various external forces such as collisions, bursts, pulls, etc. as well as chemical attack.
Solidifying the casing into the wellbore during drilling can serve to stabilize the wellbore. Casing as an important part of the wellbore has the following important functions:
1. To prevent collapse of well walls and to isolate different formations to prevent convection of liquids between formations, thereby controlling the formation liquids and pressures during drilling.
2. The casing can also assist the ground well control equipment and downhole production equipment to achieve their respective functions.
3. Sleeves are suitable for different well diameters and different grades of materials.
Tube wells (grit compartment):
Located in the lowest part of the tube well, it is used to accommodate the sand particles entering the well and the sediments that precipitate from the water.
In the practical application of geological tubes and geological drilling pipes:
In order to explore the underground rock structure, groundwater, oil, natural gas and mineral resources, the drilling rig was used to drill wells. Oil and gas exploitation can not be separated from drilling wells. Seamless steel pipe for oil drilling for geological drilling is the main equipment for drilling, mainly including core outer pipe, core inner pipe, casing, drill pipe and so on. Because the drilling pipe is required to work deep into the depth of a few kilometers, the working conditions are extremely complex. The drill pipe is subjected to stress such as pulling, pressing, bending, torsion, and unbalanced impact loads, and it is also subject to mud and rock wear. Therefore, the pipe is required. Must have sufficient strength, hardness, wear resistance and impact toughness, steel with steel "DZ" (Geological Pinyin initials) plus a number to represent the steel yield point, commonly used steel DZ45 45MnB, 50Mn; 40Mn2, 40Mn2Si of DZ50; 40Mn2Mo, 40MnVB of DZ55; 40MnMoB of DZ60; 27MnMoVB of DZ65. Steel pipes are delivered in a heat-treated state.
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Today recommended to the force steel knowledge: geological steel knowledge
Geological pipes are also called geological steel pipe geological pipes, and geological drilling steel pipes (YB235-70) are steel pipes used by the geological department for core drilling. They are long steel bars with hollow sections and no joints around. The steel pipe has a hollow cross-section and is used in a large amount as a pipe for conveying fluids, such as pipes for transporting petroleum, natural gas, coal gas, water, and certain solid materials. According to the use, it can be divided into drill pipe, drill collar, core pipe, casing and sedimentation pipe.