Dehua White Porcelain History and Culture

Dehua is one of the three ancient porcelain capitals in China. It is the same as Jingdezhen in Jiangxi and Chaozhou in Guangzhou (one is called Fuling in Hunan). Dehua kiln is a famous porcelain kiln in the south of China. It was named after the kiln site in Dehua County. The central kiln site is located in the hinterland of Daiyun Mountain in central Fujian. It is rich in porcelain resources, abundant in water supply and convenient in transportation. It is an ideal place to burn porcelain. Dehua kiln has a long history and has gone through thousands of years of wind and frost. It has left a glorious stroke in the history of Chinese ceramics. In the history of world ceramics, the word "China White" has become synonymous with Dehua white porcelain. It has been recorded in history books. : "'China White' is the top of Chinese porcelain." It is also known as the "mother of the world white porcelain."

The beginning and ending time of Dehua kiln porcelain can be summarized in 10 words, that is, “beginning in Song; Sheng Yu Yuan, Ming; fading in Qing.” As early as the Song and Yuan Dynasties, Dehua Pinglunlun kiln produced green and white porcelain. White porcelain was produced, but Dehua white porcelain became a representative variety in the national porcelain industry, after the middle of the Ming Dynasty. Due to the long history of ceramic production in Dehua, the unique porcelain resources and the unique quality and wide market demand of white porcelain, Dehua is well known for producing white porcelain and has become the porcelain industry in Weinan. The center represents the highest level of white porcelain production in the country.

According to the unearthed materials from the archaeological excavation, the Qingbai porcelain fragments from the Northern Song Dynasty to the Southern Song Dynasty were unearthed at the site of the Guanping Cangyao. At the site of the Qudougong Kiln, a large number of Qingbai porcelains were produced in the Yuan Dynasty. According to historical data, after the steady development of the Dehua kiln in the Song and Yuan dynasties, especially the Qingbai porcelain produced by the Yuan Dynasty, a large part of it was sold overseas through sea and land transportation. In the Yuan Dynasty, Dehua kiln should have become one of the most important porcelain kilns in China. The famous Italian traveler Marco Polo once used his famous "Marco Polo Travel Notes" on Dehua porcelain. The production and sales have been specially introduced: "In this place where the tributary and the main road are forked, the city of Tingji (Dehua) stands. In addition to making porcelain cups or porcelain bowls and dishes, there is no other noteworthy. local.

The procedure for making such porcelain is as follows: They dig a kind of soil from the ground and build it into a large pile, letting it wind, rain, and sun, never turning, lasting for thirty or forty years. After this treatment, the texture of the soil becomes more purified and refined, and it is suitable for the manufacture of the above-mentioned various utensils, and then the glaze which is considered to be suitable in color is put, and then the porcelain is put into the kiln or fired in the furnace. Therefore, people are digging mud, the purpose is to make porcelain materials for their own children and grandchildren, a large number of porcelain is sold in the city, a Venice silver seal can buy eight porcelain cups." Marco Polo's introduction, It has aroused the strong interest of Westerners. The whole Yuande Dehua porcelain has a very good sales market at home and abroad, which has laid a very superior economic foundation for the further development of Dehua kiln in the later generations. In the Ming Dynasty, Dehua kiln white glazed porcelain With further development, the craft masters developed a warm white milk, such as white porcelain with fat as jade, which was unique in the national porcelain industry at that time. At this point, the Dehua kiln reached its peak.

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