Australia develops a non-flammable electrolyte to create next-generation energy storage system

According to foreign media reports, Australian scientists have developed a non-flammable electrolyte that can be applied to potassium and potassium ion batteries to promote the development of next-generation energy storage systems other than lithium technology. The new electrolyte is based on organic phosphate, which makes the battery safer and can operate at low concentration, which is a necessary condition for large-scale application.

At present, lithium-ion battery technology occupies a dominant position in the energy storage market, but this battery has inherent disadvantages such as price, environmental problems, and flammability of the electrolyte. When developing next-generation battery technology, scientists tried to replace lithium ions with more abundant and cheaper materials such as potassium ions. However, potassium and potassium ion batteries also have safety issues, such as electrolyte flammability.

Zaiping Guo, a material scientist at the University of Wollongong in Australia, and his team have developed an electrolyte based on flame retardant materials and found new solutions. The new electrolyte uses triethyl phosphate as the single solvent component. Before testing in lithium ion batteries, this flame retardant material needs to reach a very high concentration in order to maintain stability for a long time, and the industrial application cost is too high. Therefore, the battery industry needs cheaper and better performing dilute electrolytes. In the course of the research, the researchers found that potassium ions can be used to reduce the relevant concentration. They mixed phosphate solvents with a commonly used potassium salt to obtain a non-combustible electrolyte, which allowed the concentration of assembled batteries to circulate stably at 0.9-2 mol / L, which was suitable for larger-scale applications, such as smart grids.

The researchers said that the formation of a uniform and stable solid electrolyte interphase layer is the key to ensuring performance. According to their observation, only adopting this phosphate electrolyte can generate an interphase layer, and traditional carbonate electrolyte cannot form such a layer. In addition, the new electrolyte has high cycle stability, and under the same conditions, the traditional carbonate-based electrolyte will decompose.

The research team has proved that the new inorganic phosphate electrolyte can be used to manufacture next-generation potassium ion batteries with safe performance. They believe that electrolytes based on flame retardants can be further developed and applied to other non-flammable battery system designs.

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